1812 BCE
Time of Abraham begins
Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilization in flower
Abraham was the first person in the world who questioned polytheism, or idol worship of many gods. He looked at the sun, moon and nature and came to the conclusion that there must be an all-powerful G-d who is unseen but sees all, who created the world and everything in it. This realization came to him at the age of three and when he was ten years old, he went to his great (x10) grandfather Noah and his son Shem to learn about the history of the world since Creation. They instructed him in the ways of G-d. When Abraham was 48 years old he started openly defying idol worship and the mighty King Nimrod of Babylon.
Times of Isaac and Jacob as described in Bereshit – Genesis.
1652 BCE
Joseph sold into slavery by his brothers and taken to Egypt. After a period of enslavement, becomes viceroy over Egypt.
1544 BCE
Joseph welcomes his family to Egypt after they are forced to leave Israel because of famine.
1522 BCE
Israelites enslaved in Egypt
1428 BCE
Egyptian cities of Pithom and Ramses are built by the Jewish slaves.
Time of Moses begins.
Moses was the son of Amram and Yocheved. Through miraculous events, he grew up in Pharaoh’s palace and was chosen by G-d to lead the Jews out of Egypt, with his brother Aharon.
1392 BCE
Exodus – G-d leads the Jews out of Egypt and splits the Red Sea for them.
1312 BCE
Torah given at Mt. Sinai
Conquest of Promised Land and division by the Twelve Tribes of Israel.
1272 BCE
Time of the Judges begins
879 BCE
Time of King David begins
877 BCE
King Solomon begins his rule
836 BCE
First Temple completed
825 BCE
Assyrian Empire rising in the north
Israel is split into two kingdoms – Israel and Judah.
796 BCE
Assyrians overrun Northern Israel;
555 BCE
Ten tribes are lost
Sennacherib attacks Jerusalem
547 BCE
Babylonians overrun Assyrian Empire
Babylonians conquer Israel and destroy Temple
c. 587 – 518 BCE
Babylonian captivity
422 BCE
Persians overrun Babylonian Empire
Jews return to Israel from Babylonian Exile
Miracle of Purim
538 – 332 BCE
Post-exilic period
355 BCE
Construction of Second Temple begins
347 BCE
Time of the Great Assembly begins
332 – 110 BCE
Hellenistic period
Greeks overrun Persian Empire
312 BCE
Greeks conquer Israel
Torah is translated into Greek
245 BCE
Greeks persecute Jews
Revolt of Maccabees begins
167 BCE
Miracle of Chanukah
110 – 63 BCE
The Hasmonean Kingdom
139 BCE
Romans overrun Greek Empire
63 BCE – 324 CE
Romans invade Israel
Roman rule in the land of Israel
63 BCE
Herod the Great begins his rule
32 BCE
The Great Revolt of Jews against Rome begins
67 CE
Jerusalem conquered by the Romans
70 CE
17th of tammuz
9th of av
Temple destroyed by Romans
The Diaspora
Late Roman period in the Land of Israel
120 CE
Rabbi Akiva martyred
132-136 CE
Rebellion of Bar Kochba
136 CE
Mishna compiled by Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi
219 CE
Constantine converts Roman Empire to Christianity
Middle Ages
219–1250
Jews of Babylonia
324–638
Byzantine period in the land of Israel
638 CE
Time of Rashi begins
711-1031
Jewish Golden Age
324-1453
Fall of Rome and Rise of Byzantine Empire
Islamic Conquest of Jerusalem
638–1099
Islamic period in the land of Israel
1099–1260
Crusaders period in the land of Israel
1135
First Blood Libel
1263
Time of Nachmanides (Ramban)
1348-1350
Black Plague
1478
Inquisition begins
1492 CE
Jews expelled from Spain;
Colombus discovers America
Europe
Early Modern period
Iberia
Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire takes over the Middle East
Poland-Lithuania
1500
Some of the Jews expelled from Spain, Portugal and many German cities move to Poland. By the mid sixteenth century, some eighty percent of the world’s Jews lived in Poland, a figure that held steady for centuries.
1501
King Alexander of Poland readmits Jews to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Jews invited into Poland
1534-1572
Time of the Ari and the Kabbalists in Israel
1648
Chmielnicki Massacres in Eastern Europe of the Jews begins in Europe
1626-1676
Times of Shabbtai Tzvi, false messiah
1698-1760
Time of the Ba’al Shem Tov begins; Chassidic Movement
1720-1797
Times of the Misnagdim and Vilna Gaon
18th Century
The European Enlightenment and Haskalah
19th century
Jews arrive in America
1791-1835
Jews herded into the Pale of Settlement in Russia
Aliyah to Israel
1894
Dreyfuss Affair in France
Modern Zionism
1897
First Zionist Congress
20th century
World War I; End of Ottoman Empire
British Mandate begins in Palestine
1917
Balfour Declaration
1933
Hitler comes to power in Germany
1939
World War II
1942
Final Solution formulated by the Nazis
1947
Partition of Palestine by the UN
1948
State of Israel declared
War of Independence in Israel
I am not a Jewish History buff, however, Rashi lived from 1040 to 1105. Why does it say in 638 CE that the Time of Rashi begins?